How Languages are Learned

Patsy M. Lightbown, Nina Spada

Now in its 4th edition, How Languages are Learned is highly valued for the way it relates language acquisition theory to classroom teaching and learning and draws practical implications from the research for the language classroom. How Languages are Learned is widely-used as a reference book on teacher training courses, and for new and experienced practicing teachers. This prize-winning, readable introduction to research in language acquisition is recommended reading for second language teachers worldwide. Unlike many introductions to the field of language acquisition research, How Languages are Learned does not assume that you are already familiar with research methods or theories. Its clear, readable style and absence of unnecessary technical jargon has helped to make it a standard text for trainee teachers throughout the world. There are evaluations and case studies throughout the book so that you can see a practical context for the research ideas you are reading about. Many of these examples are taken directly from real first and second language classrooms. The new Activities feature provides opportunities for you to think through the research being discussed. Each chapter ends with Questions for Reflection which draw on your experiences of language learning and teaching and your critical thinking skills to revise the chapter content. Reference to language acquisition research has been updated throughout the chapters and suggestions for further reading. Features include: Relates theories of first and second language acquisition to what actually goes on in the classroom; Uses activities throughout to explore the practical implications of the ideas presented; New updated content gives teachers information about recent research on L2 learning; New Activities and Questions for Reflection personalize content and support critical thinking; New Extra Activities, Study Questions, and videos available online at www.oup.com/elt/teacher/hlal - Publisher.